Which readability formula should you use?
Different formulas weight different factors — syllable count, word length, sentence length. No single formula is definitive; use them together as a guide.
Flesch Reading Ease
Score 0–100. 60–70 is plain English, 30–50 is college level, under 30 is very complex (legal/technical). Target 60+ for general audiences.
Gunning Fog
Estimates years of formal education needed. 12 = US high school diploma level. Most newspapers target 8–12. Technical docs often land at 14–18.
SMOG Index
Specifically designed for health communications. Counts polysyllabic words in 30-sentence samples. Widely used by government and healthcare for patient-facing content.